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Dartmoor
- about 20 miles south of Country Ways
Covering an area of 368 sq miles (954 sq
km), Dartmoor contains the largest and wildest area of open country
in the south of England. By virtue of its outstanding natural
beauty it is one of the National Parks of England and Wales.
Unlike many National Parks in other countries, for example the
USA, the National Parks in England and Wales are not owned by
the state. The term National means that they have been identified
as being of importance to our national heritage and as such are
worthy of special protection and attention.
Dartmoors
landscape is of great archaeological importance, with over 10,000
entries on the County Sites and Monuments Register. There are
over 1,000 Scheduled Ancient Monuments and this figure rises
each year. Prehistoric evidence is everywhere to be seen from
standing stones, stone rows, barrows and kistvaens. Later farming,
quarrying and tin mining dramatically changed the landscape,
over printing an archaeological heritage to the area. There are
also over 2,500 buildings which are Listed because of their architectural
or historic interest.
A
large part of Dartmoor (65%) is made up of granite, an igneous
rock which was intruded some 295 million years ago. It is the
largest of the 6 granite regions which form the spine of the
W estcountry. Once known as Dartmoor forest, for it was covered
by English Oak woodland it was reserved as a royal hunting ground.
With thousands of years of farming, house and shipbuilding the
woodland is now much depleted, but a few small areas still have
ancient woodland cover.
The park centres on the granite, which rises to a height of 619m
(2,039ft) above sea level, but also includes the beautiful surrounding
Devon countryside. To the south and north lie the agricultural
farming lands, known as the Hams. These rich fertile
lands lie on the surrounding country rock, older marine sediments
and volcanic rocks of Devonian and Carboniferous age, a contrast
with the upland granite areas.
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Tors - There are over
160 tors on Dartmoor. The principal ones are:
High Willhays 621m (2,039ft)
SX 580 892
Yes Tor 619m (2,030ft) SX 581 901
Great Links Tor 586m (1,924ft) SX 551 867
Fur Tor 572m (1,876ft) SX 588 830
Great Mis Tor 539m (1,768ft) SX 562 770
Great Staple Tor 455m (1,493ft) SX 542 760
Haytor 454m (1,490ft) SX 757 770
Hound Tor 448m (1,469ft) SX 743 790
Sharpitor 402m (1,320ft) SX 559 703
Sheeps Tor 320m (1,050ft) SX 565 683
Vixen Tor 320m (1,050ft) SX 542 742 |
National Trust Areas
Holne Woods 69 hectares 170 acres
Lydford Gorge 48 hectares 119 acres
Plym Estate 237 hectares 586 acres
Teign Valley 165 hectares 408 acres
Trowlesworthy
Warren 1,349 hectares 3,333 acres
Hembury 163 hectares 403 acres
Castle Drogo 308 hectares 761 acres
Milfordleigh 7 hectares 17 acres
Wheal Betsy 1 hectare 2 acres
Woodcock Wood 8 hectares 20 acres |
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The ancient stone crosses of Dartmoor represent
one of the moorland landscape's most enduring features. For centuries
these powerful monoliths have stood as enigmatic sentinels upon
the moor, their origins often lost in time. Many were set up
in the days when the Church held great power, and the influence
of the monasteries spread throughout the land. Some mark ancient
trackways -but for many there is no explanation of their siting
-or any certainty of their date. Such is their mystery. |
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